Amy Roberts, Founder @ ESA Registry UK | 5th April 2025 | hello@esaregistry.co.uk
When it comes to support animals in the UK, it’s easy to get confused by the different terms: Emotional Support Animals (ESAs), Assistance Dogs, and Service Dogs. People often use these words interchangeably, but they mean very different things—especially when it comes to legal rights and public access.
In this article, we’ll explain the key differences in simple terms, so you know exactly what each type of support animal is and what they’re allowed to do in the UK.
An Emotional Support Animal (ESA) is a pet that offers comfort and stability to people with mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, or PTSD.
In the UK, ESAs aren’t legally recognised, so they don’t have rights to public places, housing, or travel. They don’t require formal training, but good behaviour helps.
Many owners choose to register their ESA with a private registry and carry ID. While it doesn’t provide legal protection, it can support communication with landlords or travel providers and encourage understanding.
An Assistance Dog is a specially trained dog that helps a person with a disability. This includes:
These dogs are protected by the Equality Act 2010, giving them legal access to places like shops, restaurants, and public transport. To qualify, they must be trained to ADUK standards or equivalent
The term “Service Dog” is often used in the United States to describe what the UK calls an Assistance Dog. In the UK, the term service dog isn’t commonly used in law or day-to-day language.
So, if you’ve seen the phrase “service dog” online or on social media, it usually refers to a trained assistance dog—one that performs specific tasks to support a person with a disability. In short:
Here’s a quick comparison to help you understand how ESAs, assistance dogs, and service dogs differ in the UK.
Emotional Support Dog | Assistance Dog | |
---|---|---|
Purpose | Emotional comfort and support | Task-based help for disability |
Training | No requirement for formal training | Professional training needed |
Legal Rights (UK) | Limited legal recognition | Clearly protected under the Equality Act 2010 |
Public Access | No automatic entry in public places | Allowed in public places,e.g. shops, cafes, public transport |
Understanding the difference matters because it affects where your animal is allowed and what support you can ask for. For example:
There isn’t an official UK register for emotional support dogs, but that doesn’t mean you can’t show how important your pet is.
Some people choose to use private ESA registries, which can give you things like an ID card and certificate to help explain your dog’s role in supporting your mental health.
It’s not required by law, but registering your ESA can make it easier when talking to landlords, travel companies, or others who may not understand what an emotional support animal is
Some private companies let you register your emotional support dog and provide things like:
These documents don’t give legal rights, but they can be helpful when seeking support or understanding.
If you choose to register your emotional support animal, follow these steps to get the right documents to help support your needs.
Before you register, make sure you’re eligible. Most ESA registries ask that you have a mental health condition that could be helped by an emotional support animal. This often includes:
It’s important to research and choose a trusted, well-established ESA registry to make sure you receive proper and reliable documentation.
For example, at ESA Registry UK, we’ve supported thousands of people across the country in registering their emotional support animals. Our complete registration pack includes official documents confirming your animal’s ESA status, which can be helpful when discussing housing, travel, or workplace accommodations.
After registering, most UK ESA registries will send you a registration pack, which usually includes:
ESA registration doesn’t provide legal rights, but the documents can support requests for reasonable adjustments. They help show how your emotional support animal supports your well-being.
Whether it’s an ESA providing comfort or an assistance dog offering daily support, animals make a big difference to our well-being. While only assistance dogs have legal rights in the UK, your bond with your ESA is still valid and meaningful.
Consider registering your ESA with a trusted service, getting a doctor’s letter, and focusing on good behaviour. It won’t guarantee legal access, but it can help with understanding and acceptance. Register your Emotional Support Animal today to help support your needs and build recognition.
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